![]() ![]() High-Penetration Sniper Rifle " Upgrades to the barrel and action of a standard sniper rifle have given it a superior penetration power." ―Inventory description.Ī police variant of the Sniper Rifle appears as the unlockable High-Penetration model. This is even worse on higher difficulties, where enough ammo to fill up even one full magazine is hard to come by. Last but not least, it is exceedingly hard to make viable long-term use of this weapon due to its extremely scarce ammo, being the second-rarest in the game next to Magnum shots. ![]() It also fires rather slowly, and Sebastian has to scope out after every shot to cycle the bolt, which can make him lose track of his targets. Unfortunately, having a scope means that the Sniper Rifle is next to useless up close, with its blind-fire being unable to hit the broad side of a barn, while its sight is too cumbersome to effectively use. It boasts a tremendous amount of damage per shot, capable of plugging most non-boss enemies with just one or a few headshots and even has an upgrade line that amps this up even further. Wellisch (1991).The Sniper Rifle covers the long-ranged part of combat in the game, being able to accurately place shots where other weapons couldn't, and comes with a scope to make life easier for Sebastian when engaging distant enemies. The Alexandrian Library and the Origins of Bibliography. This has also been translated as " A great book is a great evil."īreslauer & Folter, Bibliography. Pfeiffer ) 465 that a "big book is a big evil" (μεγα βιβλιον μεγα κακων), a statement that he made in defense of the short lyric and elegiac poems he wrote and favored over longer epic poems. ♦ Apart from his contributions to bibliography, Kallimachos is known in the history of books for his quip in Fragments (ed. many even of his boldest conjectures have been completely confirmed by the papyri" (Pfeiffer, History of Classical Scholarship 1300-1850, 154.) Among the other commentaries and notes assembled in Graevius's edition are those by Henri Estienne, Nichodemus Frischlin, Bonaventura Vulcanius, and Anne Dacier. That edition included the first edition of the monumental 758-page commentary by Ezechiel Spanheim, and also incorporated the 420 fragments collected and elucidated by the English theologian, classical scholar and critic Richard Bentley, whose reading of these fragments represents “the earliest example of a really critical method applied to such a work" ( Dictionary of National Biography). The surviving fragments of Kallimachos's Pinakes were first published in print in Hymni, epigrammata et fragmenta, edited by Theodor (Theodorus) J. Managing Scholarly Information before the Modern Age 17). ![]() The Pinakes built on preexisting practices of list making (including Aristotle's pinakes of poets), sorting (such as Theophrastus' doxographies sorted topically and chronologically), and alphabetizing, the principles of which were likely already understood although they had never been put to such extensive use before" (Blair, Too Much to Know. "The Pinakes were neither an inventory nor an exhaustive catalog of the works in the library: they did not list all the copies of a work that the library owned and did not give an indication of how to locate a book in the library-actual access would have required consulting the librarian. ![]() its extent, i.e., the number of lines" (Blum, p. cited the opening words of each work as well as listed under an author’s name the titles of his works, combining works of the same kind to groups (no more than that can be deduced from the eight citations) and added to the name of each author (if possible) biographical data arranged the authors in the classes or subdivisions alphabetically divided the authors into classes and within these classes if necessary into subdivisions Only a few fragments survived the eventual destruction of the library, together with a scattering of references to it in other ancient works.Ĭallimachus’s bibliographical methods would not be out of place in a modern library an analysis of the eight remaining fragments of the Pinakes shows that Callimachus It also represented the origins of bibliography. Around 200 BCE Kallimachos (Callimachus), a renowned poet and head of the Alexandrian Library, compiled a catalogue of its holdings which he called Pinakes (Tables or Lists). Supposedly extending to 120 papyrus rolls, this catalogue amounted to a systematic survey of Greek literature up to its time. ![]()
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